Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae of Gunnison County, ColoradoDrunella doddsii
Green Drake, Western Green Drake, Great Red Spinner, Ginger Quill Needham, 1927
Updated 5 June 2010
TSN 698494
Locations collected
Meyers Gulch, West Elk Creek, East Elk Creek (Argyle and Edmunds, 1962). Also common in the Coal Creek, Copper Creek, East River, Slate River, Brush Creek and tributaries.
Good Links
On this website:
Drunella Introduction
Other Websites:
Map - Kondratieff, Boris C. (coordinator). 2000. Mayflies of the United States. Jamestown, ND: Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center Online. (Version 12DEC2003). http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/distr/insects/mfly/usa/179.htm
Green Drake, nice photos and short flyfishing discussion from Oregon. http://zebu.uoregon.edu/~dmason/Mckenzie/bugs/doddsi.html
References
Allan,JD 1987 Macroinvertebrate drift in a Rocky Mountain stream. Hydrobiologia 144, 261-268.
Allen,RK; Edmunds,GF 1962 A revision of the genus Ephemerella (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae). V. The subgenus Drunella in North America. Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 3, 147-179.
Argyle,DW; Edmunds,GF 1962 Mayflies (Ephemeroptera) of the Curecanti Reservoir Basins Gunnison River, Colorado. University of Utah Anthropological Papers 59 8, 178-189.
Discussed as Ephemerella doddsi. Quote from page 186: "This species was uncommon in the collection. It is particularly well adapted to the torrential habitat occurring in several streams in this drainage, but was only taken from three collection streams. Most of the specimens may have emerged before the intensive July collections."
Ball,SL; Hebert,PDN; Burian,SK; Webb,JM 2005 Biological identification of mayflies (Ephemeroptera) using DNA barcodes. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 24 3, 508-524.
Carlisle,Daren M; Clements,William H 2003 Growth and secondary production of aquatic insects along a gradient of Zn contamination in Rocky Mountain streams. Journal North American Benthological Society 22(4), 582-597. Abstract and entire paper
Clements,WH; Carlisle,DN; Lazorchak,JM; Johnson,PC 2000 Heavy metals structure benthic communities in Colorado mountain streams. Ecological Applications 10(2)626-638. Abstract
Quote from page 632: "In particular, abundance of the mayflies Rhithrogena robusta (Fig. 5b), Cinygmula sp.(Fig. 5c), and Drunella doddsi(Fig. 5d), and the stonefly Sweltsa sp.(Fig. 5e) was significantly lower at medium- and high-metal stations."
Colburn,T 1982a Aquatic insects as measures of trace element presence in water: Cadmium and Molybdenum. Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment: Fith Conference, ASTM STP 766, J.G. Pearson, R.B. Foster, and W.E. Bishop, Eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, pgs 316-325.
Colburn,T 1982b Measurement of low levels of molybdenum in the environment by using aquatic insects. 29, 422-428.
Jacobus LM; McCafferty WP. 2004. Revisionary contributions to the genus Drunella (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 112:127-147.
While variously lumping Drunella species from all over the world, they note there was an early fumble on the name of this mayfly. Even though there are many references to this insect as D. doddsi in the scientific and fishing literature, the authors point out the name really has two ii's at the end, i.e Drunella doddsii. See Needham's description below.
Kiffney,PM; Clements,WH 1994 Effects of heavy metals on a macroinvertebrate assemblage from a Rocky Mountain stream in experimental microcosms. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 13 4, 511-523.
Magnum,FA; Winget,RN 1991 Environmental profile of Drunella doddsi (Needham) (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae). Journal of Freshwater Ecology 6 1, 11-22.
Abstract:
"Data from 813 stream stations in 11 western states have been analyzed to provide a description of the niche width of Drunella (Eatonella) doddsi Needham. The concept of niche width refers to a species' distribution according to environmental conditions, reflecting environmental tolerances. Drunella doddsi was found over a broad range of elevations, and average minimum stream flows. However, its distribution was highly correlated to streams with moderate to high gradients, coarse substrates, dense riparian vegetation, low to moderate levels of alkalinity, very low levels of sulfates, and low specific conductance. This narrow niche width seems to indicate an intolerance of D. doddsi to many types of environmental conditions. Specific habitat selection also requires competitive prevalence over other species that would utilize that habitat."
Maret,TR; Cain,DJ; MacCoy,DE; Short,TM 2003 Response of benthic invertebrate assemblages to metal exposure and bioaccumulation associated with hard-rock mining in northwestern streams, USA. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 22 4, 598-620.
Drunella doddsii, in spite of being in a genus considered sensitive to heavy metals, was found at two of the most contaminated sites in this study.
McCafferty,WP; Durfee,RS; Kondratieff,BC 1993 Colorado mayflies (Ephemeroptera): an annotated inventory. Southwestern Naturalist 38 3, 252-274. PDF
Quote from page 265: "All reports have been as Ephemerella doddsi except for those of Dodds (1923) and Dodds and Hisaw (1925) from Boulder and Gilpin Co. (South Boulder Cr.). Although Eaton (1884) is often credited with the first Colorado record of this common western mayfly (e.g. Traver, 1935), that particular record is actually from Idaho on the Colorado Territory."
Needham JG. 1927 The Rocky Mountain species of the mayfly genus Ephemerella. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 20:107-117.
Described as Ephemerella doddsi.
Prusha,BA; Clements,WH 2004 Landscape attributes, dissolved organic C, and metal bioaccumulation in aquatic macroinvertebrates (Arkansas River Basin, Colorado). Journal of the North American Benthological Society 23 2, 327-339.
Prusha,B.A., D.R. Kashian, and W.H. Clements. 2004 Effects of total organic carbon and ultraviolet–b radiation on metal accumulation in Arctopsyche grandis and Drunella doddsi from the Upper Arkansas River Basin (Colorado). Presented at the NABS Annual meeting, Athens, Georgia, 2004 in Ecotoxicology http://www.benthos.org/database/allnabstracts.cfm/db/Athens2004abstracts/id/30
Stewart,KW and Szczytko,SW 1983 Drift of Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera in two Colorado rivers. Freshwater Invertebrate Biology. 2(3)117-131. PDF
The United States Geological Survey (USGS) National Water Quality Assessment Data Warehouse (NAWQA) shows this species is present in Gunnison County. Data as of 1Sep2005
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